Production of paint color retention stabilizer made six major advantages:
A coating applied to the construction process scratch easily without effort, good polishing.
After two dry smooth and delicate, jade hand touch, side as a mirror.
3 hardness is hand draw trace.
4 water resistance, washing powder can not afford a hundred times without cracking. Not from powder using a decade, two decades can not block.
5 No yellowing, PVC stabilizer bright color, good whiteness.
6 powder coating can be resolved using the WSD Stabilizers for pipe blur, yellow major problem. (Dry, add water while stirring, to join together the raw
materials and water, one hundred kilograms plus 300 grams of finished paint color retention stabilizer, stir, to construction.)
Instructions for use:
Before a first add ingredients of water, ash and calcium PVA glue, three raw materials are mixed and stirred for 5 - 10 minutes,
stop the rotation of the stirrer was slowly added color retention stabilizer be added after all the added powder and other Flying
raw materials.
After adding 2 per ton of raw materials on the basis of your original finished paint plus 100 - 200 kg Flying powder, the use of
this raw material in production to try to make a thick, dust ourselves, plus thick prevail. Paint will be more easy to use, easy
sliding profits do not turn the knife, a good collection of light.
3 additional insurance required per ton of WSD Metallic stearate finished paint color stabilizer summer 1 - 2 kilograms, can Paul 3 - 6 months does not
fade, the temperature at 25 degrees Celsius or less insurable year does not fade, its biggest advantage is the last light in color , became white paint, but also to extend the storage period of one year.
Note: A raw material can not and citric acid, PVC stabilizer in combination with borax, make sure to shake well before using this
product, do a small experiment and then put into production, production in proportion to the number of data to be accurate.
Two materials are chemical products, corrosive to the WSD PVC stabilizer skin, do not directly touch.
3 according to the number of recipes using the plant ash calcium, calcium and more with gray color retention stabilizer on, the
longer the more you add color retention time, but do not use too much harm. Our conservative figures, plus a tonne of finished
paint color retention Stabilizer 1 - 2 kilograms best, more color, more weight, color retention time will be longer.
4 material to cool and ventilated, kept at room temperature; away from heat, sun exposure is strictly prohibited.
impact modifier
2014年3月25日星期二
China is a major WSD one pack stabilizer producer of PVC is also the world 's largest consumer of
China is a major producer of PVC , but also the world's largest consumer. 2007 China PVC production capacity has reached 14.5 million , t increase of 45 % compared to 2006 , the average annual growth rate for the world nine times , accounting for 30 % of the world 's total PVC . With the further expansion of PVC production capacity , demand for PVC heat stabilizers also continue to rise. Since the mid- 1950s , China began producing self- supporting since PVC heat stabilizers , heat stabilizers for PVC consumption With the rapid development of the industry and a substantial increase in heat stabilizers developed into the second largest plastics additives products. At present, China plastic heat stabilizer production enterprises have more than 100 , while the low-end of the lead salt heat stabilizer is still overwhelmingly dominant , industry 60% of enterprises due to technical reasons plastic processing aid only to produce lead salt -based heat stabilizers , domestic PVC products in more than 65% or the use of lead salt heat stabilizer ( metal soap and composite metal soap is also part of the lead soap heat stabilizers ) , the annual amount of up to about 120 000 t. To avoid potential lead contamination , improve people's living environment , China since 2003 began a comprehensive campaign to ban lead . Ministry of Construction in 2004 began requiring the use of non- national lead salt water pipes PVC heat stabilizers ; Beijing from April 1, 2005 began restricting the use of lead- salt heat stabilizer PVC pipes for drinking water ; power system also introduced a ban within the grid regulations governing the use of chlorinated PVC protective lead salts and organic tin heat stabilizer to prevent environmental pollution, especially pollution of groundwater sources . PVC profiles have now begun to explore the lead-free. China's environmental PVC heat stabilizerprotection type calcium / zinc heat stabilizers are still dependent on foreign imports , but the price is expensive, imported calcium / zinc heat stabilizers are generally in the 3 to 5 million /; t because the domestic PVC heat stabilizer production of PVC heat stabilizers business technology behind domestic calcium / zinc complex heat organic pigments stabilizer market is still unable to meet performance requirements . Lead salt heat stabilizer deadline can not be disabled , to some extent hindered the goal of a comprehensive ban on schedule to achieve the lead pollution of the environment still exist and are widening. Carry out the role of non-toxic compound heat stabilizer technology research and development , and to achieve large-scale domestic production , to ensure the sustainable development of economy, society, environment build harmonious relationship between man and nature , have very important .
WSD PVC stabilizer and many types of different combinations
PVC stabilizers, and many different types of combinations , generally can be divided according to the chemical composition of the lead salt , metal soaps ( such as stearic acid metal soaps, including barium, cadmium , calcium, lead and zinc soaps , etc. ) , organic tin epoxy esters and chelating agents ( such as phosphorous acid ) and the like. Currently, lead salt stabilizer is still the largest amount of a stabilizer . 1999 in North America , Western Europe, Japan, the consumption structure of heat stabilizers are listed in Table 1-1. Lead salt stabilizer total heat stabilizers PVC stabilizer in the share , with the countries and regions vary. 60,50 and 17% , accounting for the total heat stabilizers Western Europe, Japan and North America lead salt stabilizer. In these products , a product can be made into powder, granular, flake and pellets can melt and the like. " A package " is likely to exist between the additive type product synergies , thereby enhancing the stability of results, and eliminates the need for cumbersome calculation for each additive , easy to use and store the user , but also to reduce waste of resources and environmental pollution . Representative products in foreign markets have AKGros of Interlite series. Development of rare earth and composite metal soaps such as non-toxic stabilizer is one of the development trend of heat stabilizer industry internationally . 1999 in North America, Western Europeplastic processing aid and Japan, consumption of heat stabilizers were about 8, 16 and 70 thousand tons / a, a total of about 310,000 t / a, is expected to demand in 2004 in North America and Western Europe, heat stabilizers are 10 and 170,000 tons in 1999 to 2004 , the average growth rates of 4.2% and 1.0%. Japanese demand is maintained at about 70,000 tons . Lead salt heat stabilizer below the average growth rate of demand growth or negative growth trend, and composite ( especially toxic Ca / Zn) heat stabilizers demand growth higher than the average growth rate , the reason is that strict environmental regulations worldwide technology , national attention to the environment due to human survival . Due to the global limit toxic heavy metal salts used in PVC processing , product adjustment to accelerate the pace of new products , development of new formulations of very active.
2014年3月19日星期三
PVC stabilizer heat discoloration Comment
Ideal PVC structure is the first - the tail structure-CH2-CHCl-CH2-CHCl-, is quite stable. But so far the synthesis method can not be like PVC synthetic butadiene rubber as a catalyst in the role WSD PVC flame retardant of Jigger be oriented so that there are rules cis-butadiene polymerization. All kinds of heat stabilizer heat discoloration Comment
Thermal stabilizers should preferably absorb both HCL, to eliminate the active site, the addition of a conjugated polyene chain, carbenium salt damage, etc. to prevent auto-oxidation, which does not produce the product of the catalytic degradation of PVC. The actual heat stabilizers have different functions due to exhibit different thermal stability characteristics, can WSD Titanium dioxide rutile be divided into early-type, long-term, intermediate-and versatile four. A) cadmium, zinc soap is typical of early-type heat stabilizers, can quickly absorb HCL, and effectively substituted with carboxylate PVC unstable chlorine atom in the catalytic chain Cd, Zn, thereby effectively suppressing early degradation and coloring , but because of the consumption of fast and transformation products CdC12, ZnC12, but also off the HCL efficient catalyst PVC, PVC and thus lead to the degradation of the material suddenly vicious black, so poor long-term thermal stability. 2) barium, calcium soaps are typically long-term thermal stabilizers, absorption HCL function only and therefore can not inhibit coloring PVC, but the conversion WSD one pack stabilizer product BaC12, CaC12 do not have catalytic activity, does not cause a sudden black PVC, long-term heat stability better. 3) fatty acids, organic tin are intermediate, both absorption HCL, can effectively replace with carboxylate unstable chlorine atoms PVC chain, and transformation products do not have catalytic activity. 4) mercaptan organotin it has versatile features, while a variety of mechanisms can stabilize PVC, transformation products do not have catalytic activity, and therefore both excellent initial and long-term thermal stability effect.
Thermal stabilizers should preferably absorb both HCL, to eliminate the active site, the addition of a conjugated polyene chain, carbenium salt damage, etc. to prevent auto-oxidation, which does not produce the product of the catalytic degradation of PVC. The actual heat stabilizers have different functions due to exhibit different thermal stability characteristics, can WSD Titanium dioxide rutile be divided into early-type, long-term, intermediate-and versatile four. A) cadmium, zinc soap is typical of early-type heat stabilizers, can quickly absorb HCL, and effectively substituted with carboxylate PVC unstable chlorine atom in the catalytic chain Cd, Zn, thereby effectively suppressing early degradation and coloring , but because of the consumption of fast and transformation products CdC12, ZnC12, but also off the HCL efficient catalyst PVC, PVC and thus lead to the degradation of the material suddenly vicious black, so poor long-term thermal stability. 2) barium, calcium soaps are typically long-term thermal stabilizers, absorption HCL function only and therefore can not inhibit coloring PVC, but the conversion WSD one pack stabilizer product BaC12, CaC12 do not have catalytic activity, does not cause a sudden black PVC, long-term heat stability better. 3) fatty acids, organic tin are intermediate, both absorption HCL, can effectively replace with carboxylate unstable chlorine atoms PVC chain, and transformation products do not have catalytic activity. 4) mercaptan organotin it has versatile features, while a variety of mechanisms can stabilize PVC, transformation products do not have catalytic activity, and therefore both excellent initial and long-term thermal stability effect.
2014年1月19日星期日
Several Theoretical Issues of PVC heat stabilizers
1 Overview
PVC heat stabilizers are of practical value resin can become
indispensable plastic additives, for decades, the study of the thermal
decomposition mechanism and PVC heat stabilizers of the action, have a
great development, but heat stabilizers some theoretical issues, such
as the commonly used metal soap heat stabilizers, why zinc, cadmium,
aluminum soap in PVC in class early color small, and barium, calcium,
strontium initial coloring on larger? Same as Sn, Sb initial heat
stabilizer why organic carboxylate thermal stabilizer coloring big? And
its corresponding thiol salts early color WSD PVC plasticizer on the small? And so on very
rare reports, the authors try to use the theory of atomic structure
theoretical analysis on some issues, engaged in the production and
application of heat stabilizers colleagues or some benefit.
2, organotin more excellent heat stability of the same alkyl mercaptan
more excellent than the initial thermal stability than the tin
carboxylate organotin carboxylate. The reason is due to the structure
of the tin atoms linked sulfur and oxygen caused by different. Oxygen
and sulfur cycle in the same element as the sixth element, the
difference lies in their different electronic structure. Here I want to
emphasize is: since heat stabilizers stable reaction types, only the
elimination of PVC unstable reactive WSD stearic acid chlorine atoms and anti-oxidation
reaction is fundamentally prevent the degradation of PVC on the cross
Union, others, such as the absorption of hydrogen chloride, carbon ions
and undermine the positive reaction of the double bond are more serious
in PVC has exploded later (already de-HCL, after the formation of a
number of double bonds) remedy, which can eliminate unstable heat
stabilizers have a chlorine atom good initial hue (no or less to form a
double bond).
PVC heat stabilizers eliminate unstable premise that two chlorine
atoms, one of the stabilizer and the metal ions have a strong
complexation unstable chlorine atom; the other is an organic anion of a
strong carbon (C? ?) initial significant complexing capacity, only two
were strong complexing ability of PVC was small. (Nearly colorless,
both strong and mercaptan, the tin mercaptide heat stabilizer for PVC,
PVC excellent in hue, hue holding time is longer).
3, the initial metal soap coloration WSD Chlorinated paraffin and long-term thermal stability of
organotin
3.1 is the beginning of soap coloring
I found an interesting phenomenon at work, the nature of Mg and Ca
soap soap is very similar (initial coloring serious, but a better long
-term thermal stability), and Al and Zn soap soap is very similar
(excellent initial hue and serious "zinc burn" phenomenon); Mg, Ca, Sr,
Ba are the second main group of the periodic elements are similar in
nature, well understood, but it is the third main element Al, and Zn,
Cd is the second sub-group elements, their chemical properties very
similar to what it? Of course, there are diagonal periodicity principle
can explain this phenomenon, but the similarities and differences
between the chemical properties of the elements, the fundamental reason
is the similarities and differences between their atomic structure, its
external representation is characteristic of the original rare earth
heat stabilizer is a unique " Coupling resistance. " Because of this
feature to make it appear to have in the processing of the lubricant
additives and processing characteristics, promote resin plasticizing;
show excellent impact resistance agent effectiveness in increasing the
PVC toughness, improve the mechanical properties of products in the
finished product; with When oxygen-fillers such as CaCO3 and other
effects, the performance of "Capacity" effect, without affecting the
mechanical properties of the conditions that can increase the amount of
CaCO3.
PVC heat stabilizers are of practical value resin can become
indispensable plastic additives, for decades, the study of the thermal
decomposition mechanism and PVC heat stabilizers of the action, have a
great development, but heat stabilizers some theoretical issues, such
as the commonly used metal soap heat stabilizers, why zinc, cadmium,
aluminum soap in PVC in class early color small, and barium, calcium,
strontium initial coloring on larger? Same as Sn, Sb initial heat
stabilizer why organic carboxylate thermal stabilizer coloring big? And
its corresponding thiol salts early color WSD PVC plasticizer on the small? And so on very
rare reports, the authors try to use the theory of atomic structure
theoretical analysis on some issues, engaged in the production and
application of heat stabilizers colleagues or some benefit.
2, organotin more excellent heat stability of the same alkyl mercaptan
more excellent than the initial thermal stability than the tin
carboxylate organotin carboxylate. The reason is due to the structure
of the tin atoms linked sulfur and oxygen caused by different. Oxygen
and sulfur cycle in the same element as the sixth element, the
difference lies in their different electronic structure. Here I want to
emphasize is: since heat stabilizers stable reaction types, only the
elimination of PVC unstable reactive WSD stearic acid chlorine atoms and anti-oxidation
reaction is fundamentally prevent the degradation of PVC on the cross
Union, others, such as the absorption of hydrogen chloride, carbon ions
and undermine the positive reaction of the double bond are more serious
in PVC has exploded later (already de-HCL, after the formation of a
number of double bonds) remedy, which can eliminate unstable heat
stabilizers have a chlorine atom good initial hue (no or less to form a
double bond).
PVC heat stabilizers eliminate unstable premise that two chlorine
atoms, one of the stabilizer and the metal ions have a strong
complexation unstable chlorine atom; the other is an organic anion of a
strong carbon (C? ?) initial significant complexing capacity, only two
were strong complexing ability of PVC was small. (Nearly colorless,
both strong and mercaptan, the tin mercaptide heat stabilizer for PVC,
PVC excellent in hue, hue holding time is longer).
3, the initial metal soap coloration WSD Chlorinated paraffin and long-term thermal stability of
organotin
3.1 is the beginning of soap coloring
I found an interesting phenomenon at work, the nature of Mg and Ca
soap soap is very similar (initial coloring serious, but a better long
-term thermal stability), and Al and Zn soap soap is very similar
(excellent initial hue and serious "zinc burn" phenomenon); Mg, Ca, Sr,
Ba are the second main group of the periodic elements are similar in
nature, well understood, but it is the third main element Al, and Zn,
Cd is the second sub-group elements, their chemical properties very
similar to what it? Of course, there are diagonal periodicity principle
can explain this phenomenon, but the similarities and differences
between the chemical properties of the elements, the fundamental reason
is the similarities and differences between their atomic structure, its
external representation is characteristic of the original rare earth
heat stabilizer is a unique " Coupling resistance. " Because of this
feature to make it appear to have in the processing of the lubricant
additives and processing characteristics, promote resin plasticizing;
show excellent impact resistance agent effectiveness in increasing the
PVC toughness, improve the mechanical properties of products in the
finished product; with When oxygen-fillers such as CaCO3 and other
effects, the performance of "Capacity" effect, without affecting the
mechanical properties of the conditions that can increase the amount of
CaCO3.
2013年12月22日星期日
Status and trends of non-toxic PVC heat stabilizers
Status and trends of non-toxic PVC heat stabilizers
Polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride PVC is second only to the world's second-largest synthetic resin production over 90,000 , however , PVC , there are some shortcomings difficult to overcome , including poor thermal stability was most prominent. PVC due to poor thermal stability , softening temperature and decomposition temperature difference is small , has caused great difficulties to the process , so the process Aluminum hydroxide must be added a certain amount of heat stabilizers to improve its thermal stability. Currently , lead salt is the largest amount of heat stabilizer. In building a harmonious society and ensure the sustainable development of the premise that people 's awareness of environmental protection and health gradually strengthened, therefore , low toxicity , no pollution, has become complex and efficient development direction of PVC heat stabilizers .
Thermal stability of PVC resin
PVC is one of the oldest plastic additive synthetic thermoplastics , has difficulty burning, good mechanical properties, low prices, abundant sources of raw materials , synthetic mature technology , which is widely used in construction, telecommunications , transportation, electronics, chemicals , packaging and other industries. PVC heat stabilizers in the heat or subjected to high energy radiation, such as ultraviolet light , "the impact of de- hcl autocatalytic reaction occurs , the thermal decomposition mechanism is generally believed that there are zinc stearate three kinds of radical mechanism oxygenated environment ; . ( 2 ) ion mechanism under a nitrogen atmosphere ; main factors ( 3 ) single molecular mechanism under vacuum conditions affect the thermal decomposition is pvc chain structure , refers to a branched , double, allyl chloride, head structure and molecular weight of conjugated double bonds etc. "effect ; addition, oxygen , HCL additives and other external factors also have an impact .
Polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride PVC is second only to the world's second-largest synthetic resin production over 90,000 , however , PVC , there are some shortcomings difficult to overcome , including poor thermal stability was most prominent. PVC due to poor thermal stability , softening temperature and decomposition temperature difference is small , has caused great difficulties to the process , so the process Aluminum hydroxide must be added a certain amount of heat stabilizers to improve its thermal stability. Currently , lead salt is the largest amount of heat stabilizer. In building a harmonious society and ensure the sustainable development of the premise that people 's awareness of environmental protection and health gradually strengthened, therefore , low toxicity , no pollution, has become complex and efficient development direction of PVC heat stabilizers .
Thermal stability of PVC resin
PVC is one of the oldest plastic additive synthetic thermoplastics , has difficulty burning, good mechanical properties, low prices, abundant sources of raw materials , synthetic mature technology , which is widely used in construction, telecommunications , transportation, electronics, chemicals , packaging and other industries. PVC heat stabilizers in the heat or subjected to high energy radiation, such as ultraviolet light , "the impact of de- hcl autocatalytic reaction occurs , the thermal decomposition mechanism is generally believed that there are zinc stearate three kinds of radical mechanism oxygenated environment ; . ( 2 ) ion mechanism under a nitrogen atmosphere ; main factors ( 3 ) single molecular mechanism under vacuum conditions affect the thermal decomposition is pvc chain structure , refers to a branched , double, allyl chloride, head structure and molecular weight of conjugated double bonds etc. "effect ; addition, oxygen , HCL additives and other external factors also have an impact .
2013年10月24日星期四
soil conditioner aluminum sulfate salts
Aluminum sulfate in chemistry are acidic chemicals , mainly based on the acid chemical neutralization with a base , for the neutralization of alkaline soils adjusted . Commonly known as acid-base regulation. We look at what is soil pH and aluminum sulfate how to adjust carbon black powder the soil pH .
Soil pH
Soil there are various chemical and biochemical reactions , exhibit different acidic or alkaline. The strength of the soil pH , often to measure pH . The reason why the soil pH is due to the presence in the soil small amount of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions. When the carbon black hydrogen ion concentration greater than the concentration of hydroxide ions , the soil is acidic ; otherwise alkaline ; two are equal , compared with neutral .
Aluminum sulfate soil conditioner
The active aluminum aluminum sulfate is adsorbed on the soil colloids exchangeable aluminum and aluminum sulfate of aluminum ions in solution , which is an important ecological factor , the distribution of natural vegetation , have a significant impact on growth and succession ; in strongly acidic soils in aluminum and more, living in this type of soil on plants are often resistant aluminum or aluminum -hi ( broom Shi Lan , tea ) ; but dibutyl phthalate for some plants , the aluminum is toxic , such as clover , alfalfa, aluminum -rich soil growth inhibition . Therefore, some plants are not suitable for use on alkaline soil aluminum sulfate to adjust , you can adjust the switch to ferrous sulfate , ferrous sulfate can also add iron plant .
In addition, with respect to alkaline soil , there is bound to acidic soils , too acid or base are easy to cause harm to the growth of plants . In acidic soils , generally everyone is familiar with will be used to adjust the lime on lime soil conditioner , I will in the next article will be a brief introduction.
Soil pH
Soil there are various chemical and biochemical reactions , exhibit different acidic or alkaline. The strength of the soil pH , often to measure pH . The reason why the soil pH is due to the presence in the soil small amount of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions. When the carbon black hydrogen ion concentration greater than the concentration of hydroxide ions , the soil is acidic ; otherwise alkaline ; two are equal , compared with neutral .
Aluminum sulfate soil conditioner
The active aluminum aluminum sulfate is adsorbed on the soil colloids exchangeable aluminum and aluminum sulfate of aluminum ions in solution , which is an important ecological factor , the distribution of natural vegetation , have a significant impact on growth and succession ; in strongly acidic soils in aluminum and more, living in this type of soil on plants are often resistant aluminum or aluminum -hi ( broom Shi Lan , tea ) ; but dibutyl phthalate for some plants , the aluminum is toxic , such as clover , alfalfa, aluminum -rich soil growth inhibition . Therefore, some plants are not suitable for use on alkaline soil aluminum sulfate to adjust , you can adjust the switch to ferrous sulfate , ferrous sulfate can also add iron plant .
In addition, with respect to alkaline soil , there is bound to acidic soils , too acid or base are easy to cause harm to the growth of plants . In acidic soils , generally everyone is familiar with will be used to adjust the lime on lime soil conditioner , I will in the next article will be a brief introduction.
2013年10月10日星期四
Most of the white pigment titanium dioxide
Titanium dioxide as a decoration materials, one of its features is the ability to reach a very white effect, it should be said that this is the world's most white titanium dioxide it. In the decoration of the titanium dioxide house when we want to make the wall more than a somewhat pale and clean and do, then you can achieve this effect of titanium dioxide, the most white pigment titanium dioxide white against its eternal has occupied the market, we work together look in the end what is the situation right.
Titanium dioxide is considered the best in yellow iron oxide the world a white pigment widely used in paints, plastics, paper, printing ink, chemical fiber, rubber, cosmetics and other industries performance.
Rutile titanium dioxide, mainly consumed in the paint industry. And titanium dioxide paint, colorful, high hiding power, tinting strength, dosage province, species, stable media can play a protective role, and can improve the strength and adhesion of the film to prevent cracking, prevent UV and moisture permeability However, to extend membrane life. Or plastic processing aid advanced titanium dioxide pigment ink is required. Solid ink containing titanium dioxide does not change color, surface wettability is easily dispersed. Ink industry has been using rutile titanium dioxide anatase.
There are many domestic manufacturers of titanium dioxide, Lanke Chemical Co., Ltd. Langfang, the use of advanced production technology and equipment 20,000 tons / year of titanium dioxide sulphate process of creation. Rutile Phase II expansion project currently underway is to expand production capacity to 50,000 tons.
Titanium dioxide is considered the best in yellow iron oxide the world a white pigment widely used in paints, plastics, paper, printing ink, chemical fiber, rubber, cosmetics and other industries performance.
Rutile titanium dioxide, mainly consumed in the paint industry. And titanium dioxide paint, colorful, high hiding power, tinting strength, dosage province, species, stable media can play a protective role, and can improve the strength and adhesion of the film to prevent cracking, prevent UV and moisture permeability However, to extend membrane life. Or plastic processing aid advanced titanium dioxide pigment ink is required. Solid ink containing titanium dioxide does not change color, surface wettability is easily dispersed. Ink industry has been using rutile titanium dioxide anatase.
There are many domestic manufacturers of titanium dioxide, Lanke Chemical Co., Ltd. Langfang, the use of advanced production technology and equipment 20,000 tons / year of titanium dioxide sulphate process of creation. Rutile Phase II expansion project currently underway is to expand production capacity to 50,000 tons.
2013年10月9日星期三
Wood Preservation of aluminum sulfate application
Timber vulnerable to wind and rain, susceptible bacteria, insects, and other biological marine borer attack corrosion. Therefore, for the wood and its products prior to use , depending on the application environment , will choose the appropriate preservative embalming . As PVC heat stabilizer for window well as sizing and aluminum sulfate , water treatment coagulant , but also can be used for wood preservative treatment.
Aluminum sulfate in the wood preservative application
Currently, the most commonly used are water-soluble wood preservative chemicals . The aluminum sulfate is a kind of water-soluble gel , but also has insecticidal potency, it is in the timber industry as insects and preservatives. Fuel industry, in the production of chrome yellow and color lakes made the precipitating agent , and a filler while underway fixing role . In addition, aluminum sulfate in the printing intenal lubricant industry as a mordant . In addition, as a clarifying agent in oil industry , oil industry, deodorant bleaching agents, pharmaceutical industry convergence agents .
Advantages of wood preservative preservative
Application of aluminum sulfate and other wood preservative wood preservative applications , the wood was dry condition , with corrosion, mildew, moth , termite invasion, improvement of timber stability , easy to color , moisture and hydrophilic advantages. Aluminum sulfate in the construction industry can not only be used as a wood preservative applications, but also can be used as activator in cement composite material is PVC processing aid a monolithic refractories raw materials. It is soluble in water to make the water and natural rubber fine particles agglomerate into large floc, thereby removing from the water , so as water supply and wastewater coagulant. Aluminum sulfate , also known as water .
Aluminum sulfate in the wood preservative application
Currently, the most commonly used are water-soluble wood preservative chemicals . The aluminum sulfate is a kind of water-soluble gel , but also has insecticidal potency, it is in the timber industry as insects and preservatives. Fuel industry, in the production of chrome yellow and color lakes made the precipitating agent , and a filler while underway fixing role . In addition, aluminum sulfate in the printing intenal lubricant industry as a mordant . In addition, as a clarifying agent in oil industry , oil industry, deodorant bleaching agents, pharmaceutical industry convergence agents .
Advantages of wood preservative preservative
Application of aluminum sulfate and other wood preservative wood preservative applications , the wood was dry condition , with corrosion, mildew, moth , termite invasion, improvement of timber stability , easy to color , moisture and hydrophilic advantages. Aluminum sulfate in the construction industry can not only be used as a wood preservative applications, but also can be used as activator in cement composite material is PVC processing aid a monolithic refractories raw materials. It is soluble in water to make the water and natural rubber fine particles agglomerate into large floc, thereby removing from the water , so as water supply and wastewater coagulant. Aluminum sulfate , also known as water .
How polyacrylamide as aluminum sulfate coagulant
Aluminum sulfate polyacrylamide can be suspended solids in the sewage play coagulation, sedimentation . Sewage flocculant is used . Aluminum sulfate polyacrylamide price than low prices many times , the effect was not good polyacrylamide . And if the use of aluminum sulfate polyacrylamide sewage added as its coagulant , can play a coagulant effect is obvious, turbidity and organic matter removal efficiency have been significantly improved.
How polyacrylamide as aluminum sulfate coagulant
Polyacrylamide as an inorganic coagulant aluminum sulfate coagulant , mainly due to some chain polyacrylamide macromolecules , play chrome green and network bridging flocculation flocculation effect , because of its electrostatic attraction , hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic keys and features reaction to colloid charge neutralization and bridging role , so that in the adsorbed particles asked to form a " bridge ." Produce floc . Thus speeding up the sinking particles , forming a large and dense alum . The use of long-chain molecules bridging role in the formation of an inorganic coagulant floc surrounded. The floc closely. Particle sedimentation rate accelerated. Flocculation through further reaction . The particles in the water gradually extruded particle sedimentation rate of speed so that thus the coagulation effect is plastic processing aid improved. Adding aluminum sulfate polyacrylamide in dosage can be achieved when there are fewer good coagulation effect , ie coagulation effect in the same circumstances, plus polyacrylamide coagulant than without when aluminum sulfate dosage to save much more .
Polyacrylamide coagulant effect
Polyacrylamide coagulant aid is to accelerate the coagulation process procedure , increase the quality and density of the particles to be more rapid precipitation. While strengthening the role of bonding and bridging , and the flocculation and sedimentation of coarse particles have a greater surface , can give full play to the role of adsorption swept volume , improve clarifying effect .
Polyacrylamide flocculant , is often used PVC heat stabilizer for profile as an inorganic coagulant coagulant , alum formed joint processing large , fast settling , flocculation , the large and solid particle sedimentation rate is greatly enhanced , so treatment is better . Aluminum sulfate in polyamine coagulant effect of turbidity and organic matter removal efficiency have been improved , the overall cost reduction, wastewater treatment cost savings for the enterprise .
How polyacrylamide as aluminum sulfate coagulant
Polyacrylamide as an inorganic coagulant aluminum sulfate coagulant , mainly due to some chain polyacrylamide macromolecules , play chrome green and network bridging flocculation flocculation effect , because of its electrostatic attraction , hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic keys and features reaction to colloid charge neutralization and bridging role , so that in the adsorbed particles asked to form a " bridge ." Produce floc . Thus speeding up the sinking particles , forming a large and dense alum . The use of long-chain molecules bridging role in the formation of an inorganic coagulant floc surrounded. The floc closely. Particle sedimentation rate accelerated. Flocculation through further reaction . The particles in the water gradually extruded particle sedimentation rate of speed so that thus the coagulation effect is plastic processing aid improved. Adding aluminum sulfate polyacrylamide in dosage can be achieved when there are fewer good coagulation effect , ie coagulation effect in the same circumstances, plus polyacrylamide coagulant than without when aluminum sulfate dosage to save much more .
Polyacrylamide coagulant effect
Polyacrylamide coagulant aid is to accelerate the coagulation process procedure , increase the quality and density of the particles to be more rapid precipitation. While strengthening the role of bonding and bridging , and the flocculation and sedimentation of coarse particles have a greater surface , can give full play to the role of adsorption swept volume , improve clarifying effect .
Polyacrylamide flocculant , is often used PVC heat stabilizer for profile as an inorganic coagulant coagulant , alum formed joint processing large , fast settling , flocculation , the large and solid particle sedimentation rate is greatly enhanced , so treatment is better . Aluminum sulfate in polyamine coagulant effect of turbidity and organic matter removal efficiency have been improved , the overall cost reduction, wastewater treatment cost savings for the enterprise .
2013年9月28日星期六
PVC PVC heat stabilizers affect the main reasons
PVC heat stabilizers of PVC to a certain extent affect the transparency . PVC heat stabilizers are also PVC additives can not be missing , so no PVC heat stabilizers for PVC will lose a lot optical
brightener of practical value. So people are constantly on the PVC heat stabilizers biochemical research . Here polyvinyl chloride PVC heat stabilizers affect the transparency of the three factors , and we do a study .
1 , the refractive index of stabilizers and heat stabilizers of PVC resin refractive index of 1.52 to 1.55 visible same or similar , then the better the transparency of PVC products , the lead stearate transparency is low and vice versa .
2 , stabilizer molecules ( molecules ) of linear length
Heat stabilizer molecule ( or molecules ) linear length is less than 400 ~ 735nm wavelength of visible light refracting fewer higher degree of transparency , whereas less transparent .
3 , a heat stabilizer in PVC , " solubility ", ie compatibility
The so-called compatibility of two PVC stabilizer for fittings or more substances refers to the mutual affinity when mixed . Good compatibility is possible to achieve dispersion of the molecular level . Thermal stabilizer in the molten state has good compatibility with PVC resin . Do not form a two -phase , that is no interface or the interface is not obvious, less refracted light , PVC products, higher transparency . Liquid stabilizer than the corresponding solid metal soap good compatibility in PVC , the linear molecule has a smaller length , and thus the higher the transparency of the PVC .
1 , the refractive index of stabilizers and heat stabilizers of PVC resin refractive index of 1.52 to 1.55 visible same or similar , then the better the transparency of PVC products , the lead stearate transparency is low and vice versa .
2 , stabilizer molecules ( molecules ) of linear length
Heat stabilizer molecule ( or molecules ) linear length is less than 400 ~ 735nm wavelength of visible light refracting fewer higher degree of transparency , whereas less transparent .
3 , a heat stabilizer in PVC , " solubility ", ie compatibility
The so-called compatibility of two PVC stabilizer for fittings or more substances refers to the mutual affinity when mixed . Good compatibility is possible to achieve dispersion of the molecular level . Thermal stabilizer in the molten state has good compatibility with PVC resin . Do not form a two -phase , that is no interface or the interface is not obvious, less refracted light , PVC products, higher transparency . Liquid stabilizer than the corresponding solid metal soap good compatibility in PVC , the linear molecule has a smaller length , and thus the higher the transparency of the PVC .
free metal soap
Metal soap a metal other than an alkali metal , a metal oxide or salt and a fatty acid , rosin acid , naphthenic acid soap derived role .
Metallic soap can not be direct saponification of fats , sodium fatty acid soap and are based on the corresponding metal salt solution was prepared by metathesis reaction , also useful for fatty acid and metal powder obtained melting method , but the quality is not high. Common metallic soap of calcium , magnesium, zinc , lead, aluminum , manganese, iron , cobalt , nickel, molybdenum , barium , cadmium and so on. Generally insoluble in water, insoluble in ethanol most , some can be dissolved in turpentine or ligroin , some can be dispersed in the other organic solvents or drying oil .
Mainly used in paint industry and PVC heat stabilizer for fittings the plastics industry , mainly in the coatings industry as oil-based paints , coatings and alkyd paints phenolic driers . In the plastics industry , can be used as stabilizers. In addition, also for the preparation of greases , waterproofing agents , preservatives , cosmetics and pharmaceutical products. Where the use of metal soap formed by metal salts and organic fertilizer can construct Wong . But as a general alkali metal soaps are dissolved in water , washed our common soap is such a case . And the other is an alkaline earth metal and heavy metal soaps generated , are not soluble in water, but soluble in organic solvent , referred to herein metallic soap , soap entails in terms of the latter category . Metallic soaps very wide range of applications , this oxidized PE WAX is really special because it has a relatively structural reason. Metal soap a metal other than an alkali metal , a metal oxide or salt and a fatty acid , rosin acid , naphthenic acid soap derived role .
Metallic soap can not be direct saponification of fats , sodium fatty acid soap and are based on the corresponding metal salt solution was prepared by metathesis reaction , also useful for fatty acid and metal powder obtained melting method , but the quality is not high. Common metallic soap Acrylic processing aid of calcium , magnesium, zinc , lead, aluminum , manganese, iron , cobalt , nickel, molybdenum , barium , cadmium and so on. Generally insoluble in water, insoluble in ethanol most , some can be dissolved in turpentine or ligroin , some can be dispersed in the other organic solvents or drying oil .
Mainly used in paint industry and the plastics industry , mainly in the coatings industry as oil-based paints , coatings and alkyd paints phenolic driers . In the plastics industry , can be used as stabilizers. In addition, also for the preparation of greases , waterproofing agents , preservatives , cosmetics and pharmaceutical products.
Metallic soap can not be direct saponification of fats , sodium fatty acid soap and are based on the corresponding metal salt solution was prepared by metathesis reaction , also useful for fatty acid and metal powder obtained melting method , but the quality is not high. Common metallic soap of calcium , magnesium, zinc , lead, aluminum , manganese, iron , cobalt , nickel, molybdenum , barium , cadmium and so on. Generally insoluble in water, insoluble in ethanol most , some can be dissolved in turpentine or ligroin , some can be dispersed in the other organic solvents or drying oil .
Mainly used in paint industry and PVC heat stabilizer for fittings the plastics industry , mainly in the coatings industry as oil-based paints , coatings and alkyd paints phenolic driers . In the plastics industry , can be used as stabilizers. In addition, also for the preparation of greases , waterproofing agents , preservatives , cosmetics and pharmaceutical products. Where the use of metal soap formed by metal salts and organic fertilizer can construct Wong . But as a general alkali metal soaps are dissolved in water , washed our common soap is such a case . And the other is an alkaline earth metal and heavy metal soaps generated , are not soluble in water, but soluble in organic solvent , referred to herein metallic soap , soap entails in terms of the latter category . Metallic soaps very wide range of applications , this oxidized PE WAX is really special because it has a relatively structural reason. Metal soap a metal other than an alkali metal , a metal oxide or salt and a fatty acid , rosin acid , naphthenic acid soap derived role .
Metallic soap can not be direct saponification of fats , sodium fatty acid soap and are based on the corresponding metal salt solution was prepared by metathesis reaction , also useful for fatty acid and metal powder obtained melting method , but the quality is not high. Common metallic soap Acrylic processing aid of calcium , magnesium, zinc , lead, aluminum , manganese, iron , cobalt , nickel, molybdenum , barium , cadmium and so on. Generally insoluble in water, insoluble in ethanol most , some can be dissolved in turpentine or ligroin , some can be dispersed in the other organic solvents or drying oil .
Mainly used in paint industry and the plastics industry , mainly in the coatings industry as oil-based paints , coatings and alkyd paints phenolic driers . In the plastics industry , can be used as stabilizers. In addition, also for the preparation of greases , waterproofing agents , preservatives , cosmetics and pharmaceutical products.
2013年9月27日星期五
Why use the microwave method hydrated aluminum sulfate dehydration
What is a hydrated aluminum sulfate
Hydrated aluminum sulfate is the sulfate containing water of crystallization of aluminum, which carry respectively 6,10,16,18 and 27 water molecules. Hydrated aluminum sulfate anhydrous aluminum sulfate prices fluorescent brightener relative to the price to be lower. Traffic and scope of the application has not been. Traditional and low water in the preparation of anhydrous aluminum sulfate dehydration process will consume a lot of energy, and the use of microwave dehydration dehydration What advantages does it have?
Microwave radiation hydrated aluminum sulfate PVC stabilizer for fittings dehydration advantage
Dehydration is microwave radiation in the microwave field warming up for hydrated aluminum sulfate for dehydration, it has (1) microwave radiation to make aluminum sulfate hydrate dehydrated efficient than traditional methods, and the power consumption is very low, has great potential applications. (2) under microwave irradiation select the appropriate help to further reduce antimony trioxide power consumption and improve efficiency. (3) microwave radiation heating curve dehydration process there will be some fluctuation, microwave radiation dehydration temperature is lower than the desired macro traditional heating dehydration desired temperature. (4) using conventional microwave dehydration and dehydration product compared to its crystalline phases and morphologies have some differences.
ydrated aluminum sulfate in the aqueous ferrous sulfate without saying similar to the relationship between the fish, after dehydration of the product, the content will be relatively higher. And more use of these chemical products storage, transportation.
Hydrated aluminum sulfate is the sulfate containing water of crystallization of aluminum, which carry respectively 6,10,16,18 and 27 water molecules. Hydrated aluminum sulfate anhydrous aluminum sulfate prices fluorescent brightener relative to the price to be lower. Traffic and scope of the application has not been. Traditional and low water in the preparation of anhydrous aluminum sulfate dehydration process will consume a lot of energy, and the use of microwave dehydration dehydration What advantages does it have?
Microwave radiation hydrated aluminum sulfate PVC stabilizer for fittings dehydration advantage
Dehydration is microwave radiation in the microwave field warming up for hydrated aluminum sulfate for dehydration, it has (1) microwave radiation to make aluminum sulfate hydrate dehydrated efficient than traditional methods, and the power consumption is very low, has great potential applications. (2) under microwave irradiation select the appropriate help to further reduce antimony trioxide power consumption and improve efficiency. (3) microwave radiation heating curve dehydration process there will be some fluctuation, microwave radiation dehydration temperature is lower than the desired macro traditional heating dehydration desired temperature. (4) using conventional microwave dehydration and dehydration product compared to its crystalline phases and morphologies have some differences.
ydrated aluminum sulfate in the aqueous ferrous sulfate without saying similar to the relationship between the fish, after dehydration of the product, the content will be relatively higher. And more use of these chemical products storage, transportation.
What is aluminum sulfate gel
Aluminum sulfate is the use of aluminum sulfate gel alumina prepared with agglutination made. Some people will have a unifying role of aluminum sulfate adsorption called aluminum sulfate gel. Sodium silicate as PVC
foaming board stabilizer silica source, aluminum sulfate was prepared as the aluminum source is called aluminosilicate gel alumina xerogel. The use of aluminum sulfate sulfur aluminate-based high-water gel material modification
What is a gel
Gel refers to the zinc borate flame retardant particle size between 1 Å to 10 Å mixture. Polymer solution and some of the sol, under the right conditions, the entire system will be converted into a flexible thick semi-solid material, loss of mobility. This phenomenon is called gelation, the resulting product is called a gel or gel.
What is the role of aluminum sulfate gel and
Aluminum sulfate gels and sintered iron-aluminum sulfate can also be used as raw material for production of high purity alumina, the latter as advanced ceramics and abrasives. Aluminum sulfate in the treatment of industrial and municipal waste water is used as a coagulant. To be PVC flame retardant added to water, the reaction gelatinous precipitate alumina trihydrate, absorption settlement bacteria, colloids and other suspended substances. Aluminum sulfate gel medicine, aluminum sulfate gel has a virus removal effect, such as endotoxin, protein nucleic acids, viruses and microorganisms, commonly used in pediatric diarrhea, treatment of stomach problems.
Aluminum sulfate gel also serves as apples, watermelon rind pectin and so on. As the peel pectin gel precipitated salt and ferrous sulfate gel, polyacrylamide gel and the potassium permanganate gel.
What is a gel
Gel refers to the zinc borate flame retardant particle size between 1 Å to 10 Å mixture. Polymer solution and some of the sol, under the right conditions, the entire system will be converted into a flexible thick semi-solid material, loss of mobility. This phenomenon is called gelation, the resulting product is called a gel or gel.
What is the role of aluminum sulfate gel and
Aluminum sulfate gels and sintered iron-aluminum sulfate can also be used as raw material for production of high purity alumina, the latter as advanced ceramics and abrasives. Aluminum sulfate in the treatment of industrial and municipal waste water is used as a coagulant. To be PVC flame retardant added to water, the reaction gelatinous precipitate alumina trihydrate, absorption settlement bacteria, colloids and other suspended substances. Aluminum sulfate gel medicine, aluminum sulfate gel has a virus removal effect, such as endotoxin, protein nucleic acids, viruses and microorganisms, commonly used in pediatric diarrhea, treatment of stomach problems.
Aluminum sulfate gel also serves as apples, watermelon rind pectin and so on. As the peel pectin gel precipitated salt and ferrous sulfate gel, polyacrylamide gel and the potassium permanganate gel.
2013年9月25日星期三
complex metal soap heat stabilizers on the thermal stability of
PVC heat stabilizers generally based on processing of tribasic lead sulfate ( three salt ) , dibasic lead stearate ( two salt ) -based, then add a small amount of lead stearate ( hard lead ) and calcium stearate ( hard calcium ) , may be used alone , can be reasonable, made of composite lead salt stabilizer. The toxicity of lead cause for great concern , three magnesium
stearate salt , two lead salt stabilizer higher indifferent people , and thus the metal soap -based heat stabilizer ( particularly a lead-free metal soap ) for people concerned , the thermal stability of the metal soap mechanism has become a hot topic. Because PVC heat stabilizers in the production aspect is protected by patents , so there is no reported its exact composition and epoxidation
of soybean oil content . Commercial heat stabilizers are commercially available mixture of various compounds . Mixture is better than pure substances stabilizing effect . Meanwhile , in dealing PVC heat stabilizers are required to carefully consider its toxicity. PVC, processors and consumers should pay attention to warnings about the toxicity of stabilizer . With plastic additive advanced equipment and technology can analyze the chemical composition of the stabilizer . Composite metal soap heat stabilizers 4180 ( referred to 4180 ) is a novel heat stabilizer PVC processing , is to analyze them in order to provide a viable analysis technique , it is beneficial for heat stabilizers toxic substances supervision.
2013年9月24日星期二
Stearate some simple methods
One kinds of stearyl alcohol ester synthesis method in the case of organic synthesis technology esters , stearic acid and stearyl alcohol as raw materials , characterized in that the metal oxide catalyst PVC processing
aid under nitrogen esterification atmosphere , alcohol , filtration obtained stearyl stearate ; said metal oxide is magnesium oxide or stannous oxide or iron oxide , etc., added in an amount of stearic acid and stearyl alcohol, total 0.03 to 0.12% by weight . Rational use of the present invention the metal oxide as a catalyst , such catalysts have high selectivity , non-corrosive equipment, production process is simple, can be removed by filtration , the inganic pigments product quality is stable ; while the metal oxide catalyst according to requirements, optimized design and trial research , reasonably determine the ratio of raw materials , amount of catalyst , reaction temperature, time and other parameters and conditions , mild reaction conditions , using simple equipment, so that equipment investment is more savings.
018 words a dry method production process and apparatus stearate
0002 Preparation of stearate
8005 stearate step synthesis method
1003 stearate prepared nanocrystalline ceramic powder
3008 improved stearate composition and preparation method
| 017 stearic acid complexation preparing nanoscale dispersion whitening agent strengthened metal alloy powder method using pre-
3013 emissions- step synthesis method for the production of calcium stearate
8001 non-aqueous stearate step Synthesis
0010 improved stearate composition and preparation method
1007 adhesive lubricant containing metal powder composition comprising glyceryl stearate , and the adhesive lubricant
3012 Screw Reactor reactive extrusion process to produce heavy stearate methods
3006 Preparation of stearate
8004 stearate prepared novel nano ceramic powder materials technology
018 words a dry method production process and apparatus stearate
0002 Preparation of stearate
8005 stearate step synthesis method
1003 stearate prepared nanocrystalline ceramic powder
3008 improved stearate composition and preparation method
| 017 stearic acid complexation preparing nanoscale dispersion whitening agent strengthened metal alloy powder method using pre-
3013 emissions- step synthesis method for the production of calcium stearate
8001 non-aqueous stearate step Synthesis
0010 improved stearate composition and preparation method
1007 adhesive lubricant containing metal powder composition comprising glyceryl stearate , and the adhesive lubricant
3012 Screw Reactor reactive extrusion process to produce heavy stearate methods
3006 Preparation of stearate
8004 stearate prepared novel nano ceramic powder materials technology
2013年9月21日星期六
PVC stabilizer master some role in some of the major
PVC primary stabilizers are those have a stabilizing effect when used alone, the compound and the secondary stabilizer is an invalid who used alone with the primary stabilizer compounds Shique synergistic effect . Some primary stabilizer or between certain to choose between the PVC
stabilizer for cable main and auxiliary stabilizers act synergistically after use . First, the base of the lead salt base lead salts are used in PVC earliest and most widely used of a heat stabilizer , alkaline , and it could be heated with PVC, HCl produced REACTED stability. From toxicity, stain resistance and product transparency point of view, lead salt is not ideal. But its stabilizing effect is good, inexpensive, it is still used extensively for cheap PVC extrusion and calendered products . Because it has excellent electrical properties and low water absorption, the PVC is widely used as electrical insulation products , albums and foam stabilizers. 1.1 , tribasic lead sulfate ( also known as tribasic lead sulfate ) white powder , specific gravity 7.10 , sweet , toxic ; hygroscopic , non- flammable and corrosive . Insoluble in water, but soluble in hot ammonium acetate , wet decomposition of the light will change color . Index 2.1 , and used as electrical insulation products stabilizer. 1.2 Dibasic lead phosphate which is a fine needle-like crystalline powder ; specific gravity 6.1 , sweet and toxic ; 200 ℃ or so into a gray-black , 450 ℃ or so turns yellow . This product is not soluble in water and organic solvents , soluble in hydrochloric acid. Refractive index 2.25 , with an antioxidant effect, is an excellent weather resistance stabilizers. Second, the metal soaps metal soaps also a widely used class of PVC heat stabilizer. In carboxylic acid barium, cadmium carboxylate , zinc carboxylate , carboxylic acid , or a mixture of elemental calcium use . Its stabilizing effect is due to it in the beginning of PVC molecular chain decomposition of the place where esterification . Stabilizing effect and the strength of the metal ratio of metal soap , a carboxylic acid type, and the existence of such formulations phosphite , epoxidized oils , the antioxidant synergists . Including cadmium and zinc soap soap greatest stabilizing effect . 2.1 Lead stearate which is a fine powder , is insoluble in water , soluble in hot ethanol and ether. Heated and dissolved in an organic solvent , and then cooling a gum. Case of decomposition of stearic acid and the corresponding lead salts , easy to damp . Has good lubricity , low Plastic impact
modifier melting point and that it has the excellent dispersibility. 2.2,2 - ethyl acetate, lead is soluble solvents and plasticizers. Often dubbed 57-60 % mineral oil or plasticizer was sold. Widely used in foam blowing agent azodicarbonamide activator. 2.3 Lead salicylate which is a white crystalline powder, specific gravity 2.36 , refractive index 1.76 . Both PVC heat stabilizers and light stabilizers . 2.4 , tribasic lead stearate is a white powder , specific gravity 2.15,280-300 ℃ decomposition , the case of high temperature above 100 ℃ caking . Soluble in ether, poisonous , non- flammable and corrosive . Refractive index of 1.60 . This product is good lubricity , good light stability , widely used in PVC formulations title . 2.5 , dibasic lead phthalate white fine crystalline powder , specific gravity 4.5. Insoluble in common solvents. This product is weak , and its base portion and easy carbonation . Refractive index of 1.99. When a formula contains a plasticizer easily saponifiable stabilizing effect than tribasic lead sulfate . 2.6 , three maleate salt of lead ( tribasic lead maleate ) yellowish fine powder , specific gravity 6.0 , refractive index 2.08 , toxic , non- flammable and corrosive , with good color stability , and eliminate unstable diene structure effect. 2.7 , barium stearate fine white powder , barium content 19.5-20.6 % , the proportion of 1.145 , melting point 225 ℃ or more. Insoluble in water, but soluble in hot ethanol . Was heated and dissolved in an organic solvent , after cooling into jelly . Case of decomposition of stearic acid and the corresponding barium salt , easy to damp . Sulfur contamination must be avoided for the selection of the heat stabilizer is used when processed under high temperature lubricant. 2.8 , Osmanthus barium
2.9 , ricinoleic acid, which is a kind of barium yellow-white powder , mp l16-124 ℃, enabling products to obtain good transparency stabilizer. 2.10 , a white fine powder cadmium stearate , cadmium content 16.5-17.5 % , insoluble in water , soluble in hot ethanol , heated and dissolved in an organic solvent, a jelly after cooling , in case decomposed into stearic acid and the corresponding cadmium salt, easy to damp . Is required to have good transparency PVC heat and light stabilizers . 2.11 , cadmium ricinoleate which is a white powder, mp 96-104 ℃, both heat and light stabilizers 2.12 , calcium stearate fine white powder , insoluble in water , soluble in hot ethanol and ether. Case of decomposition of stearic acid and corresponding calcium salt , easy to damp . Is a non-toxic PVC stabilizers and lubricants . Generally not used alone , but often with soap zinc , magnesium soap or vice epoxy stabilizer used in conjunction. 2.13 , castor calcium is a white powder, melting point 74-82 ℃, PVC with a non-toxic stabilizers. 2.14 , zinc stearate fine white powder , insoluble in water , soluble in hot ethanol , turpentine , benzene and other organic solvents. Was heated and dissolved in an organic solvent, after cooling a gum. Case of decomposition of stearic acid and the lead stearate corresponding zinc , easy to damp . Is a non-toxic PVC stabilizers and lubricants. 2.15 , magnesium stearate white powder , specific gravity 1.07 , melting point of pure 85 ℃, industrial mp l08-115 ℃. Slightly soluble in water , soluble in hot ethanol , the case of decomposition of stearic acid and magnesium . This is a non-toxic PVC stabilizers and lubricants , but also phenol and urea formaldehyde resin lubricant. Third, the composite stabilizer 3.1 , liquids and liquid barium cadmium , barium cadmium zinc composite stabilizer such composite stabilizer is mainly used for the processing of soft PVC products , the basic components include : ( a ) barium salt - can be alkyl barium phenol 2 - ethylhexanoic acid , barium laurate , barium , barium benzoic acid and substituted benzoic acid , neodecanoic acid and barium . Barium salt complexes accounted 6-7% salt with cadmium ratio is about 2:1.32 ( as metal , by weight , the same below ) . ( 2 ) cadmium salts - can be 2 - ethylhexanoic acid, cadmium laurate, cadmium , cadmium oleate , phenyl and substituted benzoic acid, cadmium , cadmium naphthenate, neodecanoate, and cadmium . Cadmium salt complexes about 3-4% . ( 3 ) zinc salt - may be 2 - ethylhexanoate , zinc laurate , zinc naphthenate , zinc neodecanoate , benzoic acid and substituted benzoic acid zinc. Accounts for the composite zinc 0.5-1% . ( 4 ) phosphite - may be triphenyl phosphite , diphenyl phosphite, an octyl diphenyl phosphite, a decyl phosphite, tris ( nonylphenyl ), etc. In the phosphite complexes about 15-20 % ( by weight ) , as a chelating agent . ( 5 ) Other - include minor amounts of 2,6 - tert-butyl -p-cresol , bisphenol A, nonylphenol and other phenolic antioxidants and ultraviolet absorbers, and a liquid paraffin , white oil, diesel oil, spindle oil mineral oil as solvent , and the need small amount of antifoaming agent such as a higher alcohol . Liquid barium cadmium zinc composite stabilizer because different composition , properties are also different. But is generally pale yellow to yellow clear liquid , specific gravity 0.95-1.02 at room temperature , the viscosity of less than 100 cps , freezing point at -15 ℃ or so. Liquid Ba Ba Cd, Zn and Cd , and similar liquids , has excellent heat and light stability ; initial coloration is small, good transparency and color stability. Their stabilizing effect than solid composite soaps , therefore, may reduce the amount of , usually 2-3 parts , the dust does not occur poisoning, and completely dissolved in the plasticizer in the general , good dispersion, small tendency to precipitate . Wherein the liquid barium cadmium zinc early color than the liquid barium cadmium smaller. 3.2 Liquid Ba-Zn complexes are generally pale yellow to yellow-brown oily liquid , specific gravity of 1.0-1.1 at room temperature , good heat resistance , pollution from sulfur , with an epoxy plasticizer and used to increase the stabilizing effect on the hair foam agents are activation. 3.3 , non-toxic liquid calcium zinc complexes of liquid calcium zinc stabilizer main ingredients are calcium stearate , castor oil , calcium , zinc stearate , castor oil , zinc and epoxy soybean oil , ultraviolet absorber. Liquid calcium zinc stabilizer off
2.9 , ricinoleic acid, which is a kind of barium yellow-white powder , mp l16-124 ℃, enabling products to obtain good transparency stabilizer. 2.10 , a white fine powder cadmium stearate , cadmium content 16.5-17.5 % , insoluble in water , soluble in hot ethanol , heated and dissolved in an organic solvent, a jelly after cooling , in case decomposed into stearic acid and the corresponding cadmium salt, easy to damp . Is required to have good transparency PVC heat and light stabilizers . 2.11 , cadmium ricinoleate which is a white powder, mp 96-104 ℃, both heat and light stabilizers 2.12 , calcium stearate fine white powder , insoluble in water , soluble in hot ethanol and ether. Case of decomposition of stearic acid and corresponding calcium salt , easy to damp . Is a non-toxic PVC stabilizers and lubricants . Generally not used alone , but often with soap zinc , magnesium soap or vice epoxy stabilizer used in conjunction. 2.13 , castor calcium is a white powder, melting point 74-82 ℃, PVC with a non-toxic stabilizers. 2.14 , zinc stearate fine white powder , insoluble in water , soluble in hot ethanol , turpentine , benzene and other organic solvents. Was heated and dissolved in an organic solvent, after cooling a gum. Case of decomposition of stearic acid and the lead stearate corresponding zinc , easy to damp . Is a non-toxic PVC stabilizers and lubricants. 2.15 , magnesium stearate white powder , specific gravity 1.07 , melting point of pure 85 ℃, industrial mp l08-115 ℃. Slightly soluble in water , soluble in hot ethanol , the case of decomposition of stearic acid and magnesium . This is a non-toxic PVC stabilizers and lubricants , but also phenol and urea formaldehyde resin lubricant. Third, the composite stabilizer 3.1 , liquids and liquid barium cadmium , barium cadmium zinc composite stabilizer such composite stabilizer is mainly used for the processing of soft PVC products , the basic components include : ( a ) barium salt - can be alkyl barium phenol 2 - ethylhexanoic acid , barium laurate , barium , barium benzoic acid and substituted benzoic acid , neodecanoic acid and barium . Barium salt complexes accounted 6-7% salt with cadmium ratio is about 2:1.32 ( as metal , by weight , the same below ) . ( 2 ) cadmium salts - can be 2 - ethylhexanoic acid, cadmium laurate, cadmium , cadmium oleate , phenyl and substituted benzoic acid, cadmium , cadmium naphthenate, neodecanoate, and cadmium . Cadmium salt complexes about 3-4% . ( 3 ) zinc salt - may be 2 - ethylhexanoate , zinc laurate , zinc naphthenate , zinc neodecanoate , benzoic acid and substituted benzoic acid zinc. Accounts for the composite zinc 0.5-1% . ( 4 ) phosphite - may be triphenyl phosphite , diphenyl phosphite, an octyl diphenyl phosphite, a decyl phosphite, tris ( nonylphenyl ), etc. In the phosphite complexes about 15-20 % ( by weight ) , as a chelating agent . ( 5 ) Other - include minor amounts of 2,6 - tert-butyl -p-cresol , bisphenol A, nonylphenol and other phenolic antioxidants and ultraviolet absorbers, and a liquid paraffin , white oil, diesel oil, spindle oil mineral oil as solvent , and the need small amount of antifoaming agent such as a higher alcohol . Liquid barium cadmium zinc composite stabilizer because different composition , properties are also different. But is generally pale yellow to yellow clear liquid , specific gravity 0.95-1.02 at room temperature , the viscosity of less than 100 cps , freezing point at -15 ℃ or so. Liquid Ba Ba Cd, Zn and Cd , and similar liquids , has excellent heat and light stability ; initial coloration is small, good transparency and color stability. Their stabilizing effect than solid composite soaps , therefore, may reduce the amount of , usually 2-3 parts , the dust does not occur poisoning, and completely dissolved in the plasticizer in the general , good dispersion, small tendency to precipitate . Wherein the liquid barium cadmium zinc early color than the liquid barium cadmium smaller. 3.2 Liquid Ba-Zn complexes are generally pale yellow to yellow-brown oily liquid , specific gravity of 1.0-1.1 at room temperature , good heat resistance , pollution from sulfur , with an epoxy plasticizer and used to increase the stabilizing effect on the hair foam agents are activation. 3.3 , non-toxic liquid calcium zinc complexes of liquid calcium zinc stabilizer main ingredients are calcium stearate , castor oil , calcium , zinc stearate , castor oil , zinc and epoxy soybean oil , ultraviolet absorber. Liquid calcium zinc stabilizer off
2013年9月12日星期四
impact modifier and processing modifier some of the main features
Impact modifiers and processing modifier
( A ) impact modifiers and processing modifier function
1 , the performance of impact modifier
To improve the impact properties of plastic additives added for the purpose referred to as impact modifier . These Plastic chemical additives can not only improve the impact strength of the resin , but also to improve the processability of the resin . Impact modifier is typically used in rigid PVC , but in polypropylene, polystyrene and modified plastics has universal application. Currently , rigid PVC impact modifier used mainly some copolymer resin or a modified resin such as ABS, MBS, EVA, CPE , and thermoplastic rubber , thermoplastic elastomers , which are widely used as PVC, PE, PP, PS, AS, ABS, PMMA, PA, PC, PBT, PET and so on. Impact modifier may be added into a ductile plastic brittle plastics can be applied only in the normal temperature of the plastic into a plastic used at low temperatures , in addition , can effectively improve the processing properties of plastics .
Ideal resistance modifier should have the following properties:
① and modification of the substrate must have a good compatibility.
② modifier particle size, morphology medium a diameter of about 200nm is appropriate to protect the effect is a high impact strength .
③ modifier to lower the glass transition temperature is preferred.
④ impact modifier preferably has slightly crosslinked to improve the reinforcing effect .
⑤ modifier processing properties of the resin without prejudice to its apparent performance and physical and mechanical properties without plastic additive adverse effects.
⑥ requires non-toxic, non-polluting and affordable.
2 , the processing performance modifier
Processing modifier for plastic processing performance is poor and development of a class of additives that are added to improve the polymer in the molten resin flow , and a thermal stability, heat distortion resistance and surface gloss of the material products . Currently, the processing modifier is mainly to improve the melt viscosity of PVC , improved flowability and processability.
Processing modifier primarily polymer, the application is more acrylic copolymer , such as methyl methacrylate / acrylic acid copolymer system (MMA / FA system ) , methyl methacrylate / butyl methacrylate acrylate / ethyl acrylate / methyl methacrylate copolymer systems (MMA / BMA / EA / EMA system ) , methyl methacrylate / ethyl acrylate / acrylonitrile copolymer system (MMA / EA / AN system ), etc. The amount of resin added is usually from 3% to 8%.
( Two ) impact modifiers and processing modifier classification and species
1 , impact modifiers and species classification
① acrylonitrile - butadiene - styrene copolymer (ABS): ABS resin is a graft copolymer of polybutadiene latex is added to the styrene and acrylonitrile monomers copolymerized . Impact modifier for PVC, ABS has a good effect, the toughening effect, while the tensile strength and elongation decrease is small, the general amount of 10% to 20%. ABS resin due antimony flame retardant to the presence of unsaturated structures , weather is poor, so products should not be long-term outdoor use . ABS resin is less than the compatibility with PVC, MBS, the product transparency is not as good MBS copolymer ; such as a transparent ABS and PVC blends can obtain a transparent products. When the ABS dosage of 20% to 30 %, the impact strength with excellent results.
( A ) impact modifiers and processing modifier function
1 , the performance of impact modifier
To improve the impact properties of plastic additives added for the purpose referred to as impact modifier . These Plastic chemical additives can not only improve the impact strength of the resin , but also to improve the processability of the resin . Impact modifier is typically used in rigid PVC , but in polypropylene, polystyrene and modified plastics has universal application. Currently , rigid PVC impact modifier used mainly some copolymer resin or a modified resin such as ABS, MBS, EVA, CPE , and thermoplastic rubber , thermoplastic elastomers , which are widely used as PVC, PE, PP, PS, AS, ABS, PMMA, PA, PC, PBT, PET and so on. Impact modifier may be added into a ductile plastic brittle plastics can be applied only in the normal temperature of the plastic into a plastic used at low temperatures , in addition , can effectively improve the processing properties of plastics .
Ideal resistance modifier should have the following properties:
① and modification of the substrate must have a good compatibility.
② modifier particle size, morphology medium a diameter of about 200nm is appropriate to protect the effect is a high impact strength .
③ modifier to lower the glass transition temperature is preferred.
④ impact modifier preferably has slightly crosslinked to improve the reinforcing effect .
⑤ modifier processing properties of the resin without prejudice to its apparent performance and physical and mechanical properties without plastic additive adverse effects.
⑥ requires non-toxic, non-polluting and affordable.
2 , the processing performance modifier
Processing modifier for plastic processing performance is poor and development of a class of additives that are added to improve the polymer in the molten resin flow , and a thermal stability, heat distortion resistance and surface gloss of the material products . Currently, the processing modifier is mainly to improve the melt viscosity of PVC , improved flowability and processability.
Processing modifier primarily polymer, the application is more acrylic copolymer , such as methyl methacrylate / acrylic acid copolymer system (MMA / FA system ) , methyl methacrylate / butyl methacrylate acrylate / ethyl acrylate / methyl methacrylate copolymer systems (MMA / BMA / EA / EMA system ) , methyl methacrylate / ethyl acrylate / acrylonitrile copolymer system (MMA / EA / AN system ), etc. The amount of resin added is usually from 3% to 8%.
( Two ) impact modifiers and processing modifier classification and species
1 , impact modifiers and species classification
① acrylonitrile - butadiene - styrene copolymer (ABS): ABS resin is a graft copolymer of polybutadiene latex is added to the styrene and acrylonitrile monomers copolymerized . Impact modifier for PVC, ABS has a good effect, the toughening effect, while the tensile strength and elongation decrease is small, the general amount of 10% to 20%. ABS resin due antimony flame retardant to the presence of unsaturated structures , weather is poor, so products should not be long-term outdoor use . ABS resin is less than the compatibility with PVC, MBS, the product transparency is not as good MBS copolymer ; such as a transparent ABS and PVC blends can obtain a transparent products. When the ABS dosage of 20% to 30 %, the impact strength with excellent results.
2013年8月30日星期五
Fluorescent Brightener Fluorescent Material Identification
Fluorescent Brightener ] fluorescent material identification diamond ring ring care Material Identification Method One: sensory testing the quality of wedding ring .
Look diamond color [ 1 ] : gold organic pigments is yellow , K gold yellow , red , and white multicolor, while imitation gold products , mostly copper alloy, lighter in color . Weigh weight : Gold accounted for 19.3g/cm3 considerably higher than the proportion of imitation gold products , such as a gold ring is 5 grams, while the zinc borate flame retardant same size imitation gold products generally less than 3 grams.
Diamond ring ring care Material Identification Method Two: Check mark.
Origin should play with precious metal jewelry , manufacturers , materials and content mark, unimpressed product is substandard products. Inspection agencies such as quality problems can be detected according to Mark to give judgment . Consumers want to buy according to their own needs imprint brands and different gold gold jewelry.
Diamond ring ring care Material Identification Method three : Professional bodies have been identified .
If you need to know exactly the content of precious metal jewelry or a quality dispute should go to the jewelry quality inspection agency , the use of physical or chemical analysis methods were identified. Need to check carefully when buying jewelry inlaid stone , welding is heat stabilizer for pipe solid without fracture , glitches , such as trachoma .
Diamond ring ring care Material Identification Method four : Platinum 950 Platinum 900 difference.
Platinum abbreviated PT, we basically know PT950, generally platinum ring is used for this type of material means any material containing 95% platinum jewelry components , and the remaining 5% for other precious metals, imprint of Pt950. Relative T900 containing 90% platinum jewelry components , and the remaining 10% for other precious metals, imprint of Pt900. More hard suited diamonds PT900 , PT950 relatively pure and soft , higher purity , more preservation. Most are Pt900 platinum setting , but there are a few vendors with Pt950 production setting.
Look diamond color [ 1 ] : gold organic pigments is yellow , K gold yellow , red , and white multicolor, while imitation gold products , mostly copper alloy, lighter in color . Weigh weight : Gold accounted for 19.3g/cm3 considerably higher than the proportion of imitation gold products , such as a gold ring is 5 grams, while the zinc borate flame retardant same size imitation gold products generally less than 3 grams.
Diamond ring ring care Material Identification Method Two: Check mark.
Origin should play with precious metal jewelry , manufacturers , materials and content mark, unimpressed product is substandard products. Inspection agencies such as quality problems can be detected according to Mark to give judgment . Consumers want to buy according to their own needs imprint brands and different gold gold jewelry.
Diamond ring ring care Material Identification Method three : Professional bodies have been identified .
If you need to know exactly the content of precious metal jewelry or a quality dispute should go to the jewelry quality inspection agency , the use of physical or chemical analysis methods were identified. Need to check carefully when buying jewelry inlaid stone , welding is heat stabilizer for pipe solid without fracture , glitches , such as trachoma .
Diamond ring ring care Material Identification Method four : Platinum 950 Platinum 900 difference.
Platinum abbreviated PT, we basically know PT950, generally platinum ring is used for this type of material means any material containing 95% platinum jewelry components , and the remaining 5% for other precious metals, imprint of Pt950. Relative T900 containing 90% platinum jewelry components , and the remaining 10% for other precious metals, imprint of Pt900. More hard suited diamonds PT900 , PT950 relatively pure and soft , higher purity , more preservation. Most are Pt900 platinum setting , but there are a few vendors with Pt950 production setting.
2013年8月23日星期五
Preparation of metallic stearates
Discloses the preparation of a metal stearate, the method under normal pressure stearic acid, powdered metal hydride
, Oxides or carbonates and medium water mixing in the melting point of stearic acid and heated to the acrylic processing melting point stearate
The above reaction product obtained by spin-drying, dispersing, drying metallic stearates, medium water recycled through
-Ring, the non-water discharge; method of the present invention may be a simple conventional production equipment complex prepared by decomposition
Color, composition, melting point and double decomposition products are basically the same and the calcium zinc stabilizer apparent density was significantly improved quality calcium stearate,
Barium, lead, zinc; compared with the double decomposition method, a method of preparation of the present invention, barium stearate, zinc stearate, productivity
Significantly improved, energy consumption, water consumption significantly reduced, preparation of lead stearate, calcium stearate and white blowing agent productivity remained unchanged
However, energy consumption, water consumption is also significantly reduced.
, Oxides or carbonates and medium water mixing in the melting point of stearic acid and heated to the acrylic processing melting point stearate
The above reaction product obtained by spin-drying, dispersing, drying metallic stearates, medium water recycled through
-Ring, the non-water discharge; method of the present invention may be a simple conventional production equipment complex prepared by decomposition
Color, composition, melting point and double decomposition products are basically the same and the calcium zinc stabilizer apparent density was significantly improved quality calcium stearate,
Barium, lead, zinc; compared with the double decomposition method, a method of preparation of the present invention, barium stearate, zinc stearate, productivity
Significantly improved, energy consumption, water consumption significantly reduced, preparation of lead stearate, calcium stearate and white blowing agent productivity remained unchanged
However, energy consumption, water consumption is also significantly reduced.
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